COVID Stimulus Watch: Parent Headquarters State Summary

HQ State/Territory:
California
Grant Total: $11,879,678,428
Loan Face Value Total: $6,194,918,952
Contract Total: $3,030,210,071
Number of Awards: 2,661
Top 10 Parent Companies
Grant Total
Loan Face Value Total
Contract Total
Number of Awards
California Community Colleges
$2,417,340,710
$0
$0
325
University of California
$1,622,325,545
$1,077,986,113
$24,611,384
118
California State University
$1,598,427,812
$0
$0
71
Sutter Health
$829,575,133
$979,972,626
$0
73
Stanford Health
$576,014,168
$362,350,546
$0
6
Prime Healthcare Services Inc.
$502,374,248
$494,158,086
$0
106
Los Angeles World Airports
$395,916,180
$0
$0
2
Los Angeles County
$315,369,743
$73,891,305
$0
6
SFO Airport
$301,324,350
$0
$0
2
Cedars-Sinai Health System
$263,731,249
$0
$0
6

Individual Award Records:

CSV XML (max 5,000 records)

Company
State
Parent
Parent Sector
Grant Amount
Loan Face Value
Contract Amount
Award Date Sort descending
BIO-REFERENCE LABORATORIES, INC.
State:NJ
Parent:Bio-Reference Laboratories, Inc.
Parent Sector:healthcare services
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$2,500
Award Date:May 7, 2020
HEFFLER CONTRACTING GROUP
State:CA
Parent:HEFFLER CONTRACTING GROUP
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$800,646
Award Date:May 7, 2020
ILLUMINA, INC.
State:CA
Parent:Illumina
Parent Sector:miscellaneous services
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$1,984,600
Award Date:May 7, 2020
KAISER FOUNDATION HOSPITALS
State:CA
Parent:Kaiser Permanente
Parent Sector:healthcare services
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$945,780
Award Date:May 7, 2020
NEW TECH SOLUTIONS, INC.
State:CA
Parent:NEW TECH SOLUTIONS, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$152,880
Award Date:May 7, 2020
PACIFIC MARITIME INDUSTRIES CORP.
State:CA
Parent:PACIFIC MARITIME INDUSTRIES CORP.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$92,552
Award Date:May 7, 2020
PACIFIC MARITIME INDUSTRIES CORP.
State:CA
Parent:PACIFIC MARITIME INDUSTRIES CORP.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$61,200
Award Date:May 7, 2020
B & H INTERNATIONAL LLC
State:CA
Parent:B&H INTERNATIONAL LLC
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$74,580
Award Date:May 8, 2020
Flight Level Aviation LLC
State:MN
Parent:Flight Level Aviation LLC
Parent Sector:airlines
Grant Amount:$106,232
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 11, 2020
HEFFLER CONTRACTING GROUP
State:CA
Parent:HEFFLER CONTRACTING GROUP
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$871,953
Award Date:May 11, 2020
HEFFLER CONTRACTING GROUP
State:CA
Parent:HEFFLER CONTRACTING GROUP
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$138,736
Award Date:May 11, 2020
NEW TECH SOLUTIONS, INC.
State:CA
Parent:NEW TECH SOLUTIONS, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$188,123
Award Date:May 11, 2020
NEW TECH SOLUTIONS, INC.
State:CA
Parent:NEW TECH SOLUTIONS, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$42,240
Award Date:May 11, 2020
Catalina Flying Boats Inc.
State:CA
Parent:Catalina Flying Boats Inc.
Parent Sector:freight and logistics
Grant Amount:$569,176
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 12, 2020
Ctp Aviation LLC
State:CA
Parent:Ctp Aviation LLC
Parent Sector:airlines
Grant Amount:$1,525,514
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 12, 2020
Channel Islands Aviation Inc.
State:CA
Parent:Channel Islands Aviation Inc.
Parent Sector:airlines
Grant Amount:$967,826
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 13, 2020
Western Air Charter Inc.
State:CA
Parent:Western Air Charter Inc.
Parent Sector:airlines
Grant Amount:$11,817,843
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 13, 2020
GLOBAL PCCI (GPC)
State:CA
Parent:GLOBAL PCCI (GPC)
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$23,500
Award Date:May 13, 2020
ILLUMINA, INC.
State:CA
Parent:Illumina
Parent Sector:miscellaneous services
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$10,275
Award Date:May 13, 2020
Air Rutter International LLC
State:CA
Parent:Air Rutter International LLC
Parent Sector:airlines
Grant Amount:$2,348,300
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 14, 2020
CH2M HILL - CDM PA-TAC RECOVERY SERVICES
State:VA
Parent:Jacobs Engineering
Parent Sector:construction and engineering
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$36,136,896
Award Date:May 14, 2020
West Air Inc.
State:CA
Parent:West Air Inc.
Parent Sector:freight and logistics
Grant Amount:$2,974,054
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 15, 2020
NEW TECH SOLUTIONS, INC.
State:CA
Parent:NEW TECH SOLUTIONS, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$58,446
Award Date:May 15, 2020
PACIFIC MARITIME INDUSTRIES CORP.
State:CA
Parent:PACIFIC MARITIME INDUSTRIES CORP.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$53,535
Award Date:May 15, 2020
PACIFIC MARITIME INDUSTRIES CORP.
State:CA
Parent:PACIFIC MARITIME INDUSTRIES CORP.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$49,220
Award Date:May 15, 2020
Independent Cargo Security Screening LLC
State:CA
Parent:Independent Cargo Security Screening LLC
Parent Sector:business services
Grant Amount:$588,030
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 18, 2020
SIA Engineering (USA) Inc
State:CA
Parent:SIA Engineering (USA) Inc
Parent Sector:business services
Grant Amount:$4,776,410
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 18, 2020
Superior Transportation Associates Inc
State:CA
Parent:Superior Transportation Associates Inc
Parent Sector:airlines
Grant Amount:$3,729,662
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 18, 2020
Thomas Global Systems LLC
State:CA
Parent:Thomas Global Systems LLC
Parent Sector:business services
Grant Amount:$699,180
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 18, 2020
JET METHODS, INC.
State:CA
Parent:Jet Methods Inc
Parent Sector:airlines
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:$150,000
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 18, 2020
AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
State:DE
Parent:Agilent Technologies
Parent Sector:miscellaneous manufacturing
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$121,741
Award Date:May 18, 2020
EPSILON SYSTEMS SOLUTIONS, INC.
State:CA
Parent:EPSILON SYSTEMS SOLUTIONS, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$23,723
Award Date:May 18, 2020
CH2M HILL CONSTRUCTORS, INC.
State:CO
Parent:Jacobs Engineering
Parent Sector:construction and engineering
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$33,097,126
Award Date:May 18, 2020
Desert Jet Charter LLC
State:CA
Parent:Desert Jet Charter LLC
Parent Sector:airlines
Grant Amount:$1,023,489
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 19, 2020
Mercury Air Cargo Inc
State:CA
Parent:Mercury Air Cargo Inc
Parent Sector:business services
Grant Amount:$15,513,057
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 19, 2020
Modesto Executive Air Charter Inc.
State:CA
Parent:Modesto Executive Air Charter Inc.
Parent Sector:airlines
Grant Amount:$793,926
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 19, 2020
New Sonoma FBO Inc.
State:CA
Parent:New Sonoma FBO Inc.
Parent Sector:business services
Grant Amount:$827,975
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 19, 2020
MCKESSON CORPORATION
State:CA
Parent:McKesson
Parent Sector:wholesalers
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$10,720
Award Date:May 19, 2020
MCKESSON CORPORATION
State:TX
Parent:McKesson
Parent Sector:wholesalers
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$925
Award Date:May 19, 2020
MCKESSON CORPORATION
State:CA
Parent:McKesson
Parent Sector:wholesalers
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$127
Award Date:May 19, 2020
RED RIVER RESOURCES, LLC
State:CA
Parent:RED RIVER RESOURCES, LLC
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$265,460
Award Date:May 19, 2020
BLUE TECH INC.
State:CA
Parent:BLUE TECH INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$289,272
Award Date:May 20, 2020
EPSILON SYSTEMS SOLUTIONS, INC.
State:CA
Parent:EPSILON SYSTEMS SOLUTIONS, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$305,468
Award Date:May 20, 2020
GLOBAL PCCI (GPC)
State:CA
Parent:GLOBAL PCCI (GPC)
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$132,732
Award Date:May 20, 2020
MCKESSON MEDICAL-SURGICAL INC.
State:VA
Parent:McKesson
Parent Sector:wholesalers
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$31,210
Award Date:May 20, 2020
MCKESSON MEDICAL-SURGICAL INC.
State:VA
Parent:McKesson
Parent Sector:wholesalers
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$10,325
Award Date:May 20, 2020
Mclean Aviation Services Inc.
State:CA
Parent:Mclean Aviation Services Inc.
Parent Sector:airlines
Grant Amount:$207,316
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 21, 2020
Pacific Aviation LLC
State:CA
Parent:Pacific Aviation LLC
Parent Sector:business services
Grant Amount:$16,330,414
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 21, 2020
Premier Air Charter LLC
State:CA
Parent:Premier Air Charter LLC
Parent Sector:airlines
Grant Amount:$56,485
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 21, 2020
Springshot, Inc.
State:CA
Parent:Springshot Inc.
Parent Sector:business services
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:$150,000
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 21, 2020
GLOBAL PCCI (GPC)
State:CA
Parent:GLOBAL PCCI (GPC)
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$49,330
Award Date:May 21, 2020
REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO, THE
State:CA
Parent:University of California
Parent Sector:miscellaneous services
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$2,917,936
Award Date:May 21, 2020
Ami Wines LLC
State:CA
Parent:Ami Wines LLC
Parent Sector:business services
Grant Amount:$187,232
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 22, 2020
Ida Foods LLC
State:CA
Parent:Ida Foods LLC
Parent Sector:business services
Grant Amount:$406,958
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 22, 2020
EPSILON SYSTEMS SOLUTIONS, INC.
State:CA
Parent:EPSILON SYSTEMS SOLUTIONS, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$24,202
Award Date:May 22, 2020
Hacor Inc.
State:CA
Parent:Hacor Inc.
Parent Sector:business services
Grant Amount:$11,491,234
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 26, 2020
ASKEW INDUSTRIAL CORPORATION
State:CA
Parent:ASKEW INDUSTRIAL CORPORATION
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$2,058
Award Date:May 26, 2020
HEFFLER CONTRACTING GROUP
State:CA
Parent:HEFFLER CONTRACTING GROUP
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$979,124
Award Date:May 26, 2020
Aero Port Services Inc.
State:CA
Parent:Aero Port Services Inc.
Parent Sector:business services
Grant Amount:$279,929
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 27, 2020
Boutique Air Inc
State:CA
Parent:Boutique Air
Parent Sector:airlines
Grant Amount:$8,227,832
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 27, 2020
AECOM N&E TECHNICAL SERVICES LLC
State:SC
Parent:AECOM
Parent Sector:construction and engineering
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$680,670
Award Date:May 27, 2020
ASKEW INDUSTRIAL CORPORATION
State:CA
Parent:ASKEW INDUSTRIAL CORPORATION
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$265,017
Award Date:May 27, 2020
ASKEW INDUSTRIAL CORPORATION
State:CA
Parent:ASKEW INDUSTRIAL CORPORATION
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$37,600
Award Date:May 27, 2020
JACOBS TECHNOLOGY INC.
State:TN
Parent:Jacobs Engineering
Parent Sector:construction and engineering
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$494
Award Date:May 27, 2020
Airport Terminal Management Inc.
State:CA
Parent:Airport Terminal Management Inc.
Parent Sector:business services
Grant Amount:$16,002,832
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 28, 2020
Advanced Air, LLC
State:CA
Parent:Advanced Air LLC
Parent Sector:airlines
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:$150,000
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 28, 2020
10X GENOMICS, INC.
State:CA
Parent:10X GENOMICS, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$17,510
Award Date:May 28, 2020
HPI FEDERAL LLC
State:DC
Parent:HP Inc.
Parent Sector:electrical and electronic equipment
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$116,932
Award Date:May 28, 2020
IRIDEX CORPORATION
State:CA
Parent:IRIDEX Corporation
Parent Sector:medical equipment and supplies
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$23,300
Award Date:May 28, 2020
Thomas Global Systems LLC
State:CA
Parent:Thomas Global Systems LLC
Parent Sector:business services
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:$150,000
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 29, 2020
ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC.
State:CA
Parent:ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$22,752
Award Date:May 29, 2020
HPI FEDERAL LLC
State:DC
Parent:HP Inc.
Parent Sector:electrical and electronic equipment
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$75,440
Award Date:May 29, 2020
NEW TECH SOLUTIONS, INC.
State:CA
Parent:NEW TECH SOLUTIONS, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$83,812
Award Date:May 29, 2020
QUIDEL CORPORATION
State:CA
Parent:Quidel Corp.
Parent Sector:healthcare services
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$634,643
Award Date:May 29, 2020
McLean Aviation Service, Inc
State:CA
Parent:Mclean Aviation Services Inc.
Parent Sector:airlines
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:$150,000
Contract Amount:
Award Date:May 30, 2020
MCKESSON MEDICAL-SURGICAL INC.
State:VA
Parent:McKesson
Parent Sector:wholesalers
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$1,683,605
Award Date:May 30, 2020
Calop Business Systems Inc.
State:CA
Parent:Calop Business Systems Inc.
Parent Sector:business services
Grant Amount:$4,246,029
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:Jun 1, 2020
Loyd's Aviation
State:CA
Parent:Loyd'S Aviation
Parent Sector:airlines
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:$150,000
Contract Amount:
Award Date:Jun 1, 2020
ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC.
State:CA
Parent:ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$248,245
Award Date:Jun 1, 2020
HEFFLER CONTRACTING GROUP
State:CA
Parent:HEFFLER CONTRACTING GROUP
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$385,799
Award Date:Jun 1, 2020
NEW TECH SOLUTIONS, INC.
State:CA
Parent:NEW TECH SOLUTIONS, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$1,407,130
Award Date:Jun 1, 2020
NEW TECH SOLUTIONS, INC.
State:CA
Parent:NEW TECH SOLUTIONS, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$180,600
Award Date:Jun 1, 2020
Golden State Jet LLC
State:CA
Parent:Golden State Jet LLC
Parent Sector:airlines
Grant Amount:$313,412
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:Jun 2, 2020
Pak West Airlines Inc.
State:CA
Parent:Pak West Airlines Inc.
Parent Sector:freight and logistics
Grant Amount:$1,698,843
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:Jun 2, 2020
EPSILON SYSTEMS SOLUTIONS, INC.
State:CA
Parent:EPSILON SYSTEMS SOLUTIONS, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$303,674
Award Date:Jun 2, 2020
EPSILON SYSTEMS SOLUTIONS, INC.
State:CA
Parent:EPSILON SYSTEMS SOLUTIONS, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$104,793
Award Date:Jun 2, 2020
HEFFLER CONTRACTING GROUP
State:CA
Parent:HEFFLER CONTRACTING GROUP
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$14,471
Award Date:Jun 3, 2020
JACOBS TECHNOLOGY INC.
State:TN
Parent:Jacobs Engineering
Parent Sector:construction and engineering
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$27,304
Award Date:Jun 3, 2020
Informart A Ca Corp.
State:CA
Parent:Informart A Ca Corp.
Parent Sector:airlines
Grant Amount:$17,126
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:Jun 4, 2020
Starjet Inc.
State:CA
Parent:Starjet Inc.
Parent Sector:airlines
Grant Amount:$280,892
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:Jun 4, 2020
NEW TECH SOLUTIONS, INC.
State:CA
Parent:NEW TECH SOLUTIONS, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$30,429
Award Date:Jun 4, 2020
AMI Inflight Inc
State:CA
Parent:AMI Inflight Inc
Parent Sector:business services
Grant Amount:$863,089
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:
Award Date:Jun 5, 2020
ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC.
State:CA
Parent:ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$555,550
Award Date:Jun 5, 2020
ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC.
State:CA
Parent:ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$8,705
Award Date:Jun 5, 2020
EPSILON SYSTEMS SOLUTIONS, INC.
State:VA
Parent:EPSILON SYSTEMS SOLUTIONS, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$119,192
Award Date:Jun 5, 2020
EPSILON SYSTEMS SOLUTIONS, INC.
State:CA
Parent:EPSILON SYSTEMS SOLUTIONS, INC.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$60,534
Award Date:Jun 5, 2020
GLOBAL PCCI (GPC)
State:CA
Parent:GLOBAL PCCI (GPC)
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$78,000
Award Date:Jun 5, 2020
MCKESSON MEDICAL-SURGICAL GOVERNMENT SOLUTIONS LLC
State:VA
Parent:McKesson
Parent Sector:wholesalers
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$4,311
Award Date:Jun 5, 2020
PACIFIC MARITIME INDUSTRIES CORP.
State:CA
Parent:PACIFIC MARITIME INDUSTRIES CORP.
Parent Sector:
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$31,213
Award Date:Jun 5, 2020
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
State:CA
Parent:University Of Southern California
Parent Sector:miscellaneous services
Grant Amount:
Face Loan Amount:
Contract Amount:$75,000
Award Date:Jun 5, 2020

CSV XML (max 5,000 records)

Accountability Issues

Covid Stimulus Watch provides accountability data on CARES Act recipients in the following categories:

Employment iconEmployment Issues

Tax iconTax / Subsidy Issues

Contracting iconContracting Issues

Environment iconEnvironment / Safety Issues

Consumer iconConsumer Protection Issues

CEO pay iconCEO Pay Issues